11-04-85

                                                    ORDINANCE NO. 85-25

              ORDINANCE OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBAL COUNCIL
                        OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBE
                          (An Unincorporated Tribe)

      ORDINANCE CREATING THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBAL WATER CODE

     WHEREAS, under the Constitution of the Oglala Sioux Tribe, the
Tribal Council is authorized to protect the health and general welfare
of the Tribe, and

     WHEREAS, under said Constitution, the Tribal Council shall
protect and preserve the property, wildlife and natural resources of
the Tribe;

     NOW, THEREFORE BE IT ORDAINED that the Oglala Sioux Tribal
Council hereby imposes the Oglala Sioux Tribal Water Code as set forth
hereinafter.

                            CERTIFICATION

I, as undersigned, Secretary of the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council, do
hereby certify that this Ordinance was adopted by the vote of: 20 for:
0 against; and 5 not voting, during a Regular Session held on the 4th
day of November, 1985.

                                    Signature
                                    EILEEN H. IRON CLOUD
                                    Secretary
                                    Oglala Sioux Tribe

Signature
NEWTON CUMMINGS
President
Oglala Sioux Tribe

             OGLALA SIOUX TRIBAL WATER CODE

                      TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                   Page
           100  Definitions.......................................     1
Chapter 1:  General Provisions
            101  Declaration of Purpose: Assertion of Authority...     3
            102  Application of the Code..........................     3
            103  Nature of Ownership..............................     3
            104  Waters of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation Defined   3
Chapter 2:  Notice of Enactment
            201  Notice Required..................................     4
            202  Contents of Notice...............................     4
            203  Notice - How Given...............................     4
Chapter 3:  Natural Resource Regulatory Agency
            301  Natural Resource Regulatory Agency - General Powers   5
            302  Water Reserves...................................     5
            303  Water Assessments................................     5
            304  Designations of Local Management Areas...........     5
            305  Large User Water Permits.........................     5
            306  Charges for Water Uses...........................     5
Chapter 4:  Water Quality Control Program
            401  Water Quality Control Program: Defined...........     6
            402  Information Function.............................     6
            403  Enforcement Function.............................     6
            404  Advisory Function................................     6
            405  Administration Function..........................     7
Chapter 5:  Guidelines for Administration
            501  General Policy Provisions........................     8
            502  Guidelines for Making Most Effective Use of
                 Available Resources..............................     8
            503  Additional Policy Guidelines.....................     9
Chapter 6:  Descriptions of Use and Application for Permit........
            601  Existing Use Inventory...........................    10
            602  Description of Use - Required ...................    10
            603  Application for Permit - Required................    10
            604  Description of Use & Application for Permit -
                 Contents ........................................    10
            605  Interim Permits..................................    10
            606  Fees.............................................    11
            607  Public Notice of Descriptions of Use & Application
                 for Water Use Permit - Initial Notice ...........    11
            608  Public Notice of Applications for Permit -
                 Continuing Operation ............................    11
            609  Objections Affecting Descriptions of Use &
                 Applications for Permit..........................    11
            610  Form & Contents of Objections....................    12
            611  Reply by Applicant...............................    12
            612  Hearing Regarding Issuance of Permit.............    12
            613  Public Comment...................................    12
            614  Investigation & Review of Permit Issuance........    12
            615  Issuance or Denial of Permits....................    12
Chapter 7:  Water Use Permits
            701  Form.............................................    13
            702  Information Contained............................    13
            703  Conditions.......................................    13
            704  Entry on Land....................................    14
            705  Effect...........................................    14
            706  Revocability.....................................    14
            707  Modification.....................................    14
Chapter 8:  Determination of Availability and Need
            801  When Proceeding Available........................    15
            802  Purposes.........................................    15
            803  Notice of Proceeding.............................    15
            804  Water Quality Control Program - Investigation
                 Initiation.......................................    15
            805  Water Quality Control Program - Information
                 Gathering........................................    15
            806  Water Quality Control Program - Report...........    15
            807  Proposed Determination of Availability and Need..    16
            808  Determination of Availability and Need - Contents    16
            809  Notice of Hearing................................    16
            810  Hearing..........................................    16
            811  Final Determination of Availability and Need.....    17
            812  Subsequent Actions...............................    17
            813  Appeal...........................................    17
Chapter 9:  Transfer and Loss of Rights
            901  Transfer, Assignment, Descent, Distribution &
                 Creation of Security Interest....................    18
            902  Loss by Nonuse...................................    18
            903  Loss by Adverse Possession, Prescription, Estoppel
                 or Acquiescence..................................    18
            904  Outside Proceedings..............................    18
Chapter 10:  General Hearing Provisions
           1001  Applicability....................................    19
           1002  Notice...........................................    19
           1003  Time and Place of Hearing........................    19
           1004  Continuance......................................    19
           1005  Presiding Officer................................    19
           1006  Forms of Evidence................................    19
           1007  Consolidation of Hearings........................    19
           1008  Recording........................................    19
           1009  Decision.........................................    19
Chapter 11:  Appeals
           1101  Appeals Provided for.............................    20
           1102  Notice of Appeal - Jurisdiction .................    20
           1103  Notice of Appeal - Service.......................    20
           1104  Transmittal of Record............................    20
           1105  Oral Arguments...................................    20
           1106  Briefs...........................................    20
           1107  Scope of Review..................................    20
           1108  Court of Appeals - Additional Powers.............    20
Chapter 12:  Water Pollution Control
           1201  General Policy...................................    21
           1202  Water Quality Standards..........................    21
           1203  Drinking Water Standards.........................    21
           1204  Surface Water Quality............................    22
           1205  Exemptions of Public Water Supply Systems -
                 Requirements ....................................    23
Chapter 13:  Further Prohibitions
           1301  Underground Injection Control....................    24
           1302  Streambed Alteration.............................    24
           1303  Minimum In-Stream Flow...........................    24
           1304  Lakeshore, Damshore Management...................    24
           1305  Obstructions to Fish Passage.....................    24
Chapter 14:  Prohibited Acts
           1401  Waste of Water Prohibited........................    25
           1402  Unauthorized Actions Affecting Water Prohibited..    25
           1403  Obstruction of Oglala Sioux Tribal Employees.....    25
           1404  Misstatement of Material Facts...................    25
           1405  Sanctions for Code Violations....................    25
Chapter 15:  Miscellanesous Provisions
           1501  Severability.....................................    26
           1502  Construction.....................................    26
           1503  Review of Authority..............................    26
           1504  Extension of Time Limits.........................    26
           1505  Representation...................................    26

               OGLALA SIOUX TRIBAL WATER CODE

100  Definitions

     (1)  "Aquifer," means a water-bearing bed or stratum of permeable
          rock, sand or gravel capable of storing, transmitting or
          yielding water in sufficient quantities.

     (2)  "Construction Contractors," means any individual including
          Indian or non-Indian, partnership, corporation, association,
          or business entity who conducts business activities or
          provides services including but not limited to building,
          road construction and oil & gas well drilling within the
          boundaries of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.

     (3)  "Domestic Use," means any use of water for individual
          personal needs or for household purposes such as drinking,
          bathing, heating, cooking, or sanitation.

     (4)  "Effective Date," referred to herein shall be the date of
          the ordinance of the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council approving
          adoption of this code.

     (5)  "Hazardous Waste," includes any radioactive, toxic or other
          hazardous waste whether in liquid, solid, gaseous or
          explosive form which may be discharged, deposited,
          generated, or disposed of and that will or may pose adverse
          effects to the air, the surface or subsurface land including
          existing groundwater or aquifers, minerals or energy
          resources as well as the human environment.

     (6)  "Injection Wells," includes industrial waste disposal, salt
          water disposal or wells used to improve recovery of oil and
          gas, and injection wells used for solution mining.

     (7)  "Maximum Containment Level," means the maximum permissible
          level of a contaminant in water which is delievered to the
          free flowing outlet of the ultimate user of a public water
          system, except in the case of turbity where the maximum
          permissible level is measured at the point of entry to the
          distribution system.

     (8)  "Municipal Use," means all reasonable water uses necessary
          in carrying out the functions of municipal government,
          district government and growth centers or towns.

     (9)  "NRRA," means the Natural Resources Regulatory Agency, the
          lead agency whose duties are to administer, coordinate and
          assist the Water Quality Control Program in the enforcement
          of the Oglala Sioux Tribe Water Code.

     (10)  "Nonpoint Source," means a contributing factor to water
           pollution that cannot be traced to a specific spot such as
           agricultural fertilizer run-off.

     (11)  "Person," includes an individual, a partnership, a
           corporation, whether public or private; and a governmental
           entity, unit or agency, whether tribal, local, state or
           federal.

     (12)  "Point Source," means any discernible, confined, and
           discreet conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe,
           ditch, channel, tunnel,conduit, well, discrete fissures,
           containers, rolling stock, concentration animal feeding
           operation, vessel, or other floating craft, from which
           pollutants are or may be discharged.

     (13)  "Pollution," means such artificial or induced natural
           contamination, or other alteration of the physical,
           chemical, biological, and radiological properties of any
           water of the reservation, or such discharge of any liquid
           gaseous, or solid substance into any waters of the
           reservation as will create a nuisance or render such waters
           harmful or detrimental or injurious to public health,
           safety, welfare, or to domestic, commercial, industrial,
           agricultural, traditional, cultural, recreational, or other
           legitimate beneficial uses, or to livestock, wild animals,
           birds, fish or other aquatic life.

     (14)  "Public Water System," a system which serves at least 10
           service connections used by year-round residents or
           regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents.  Such
           term includes (1) any collection, treatment, storage, and
           distribution facilities under control of the operator of
           the system and used primarily with such system; and (2) any
           collection or pretreatment storage facilities not under
           such control which are used primarily in connection with
           the system.

     (15)  "Supersedeas Bond," means a bond that is required of a
           person who petitions to set aside a judgment or execution
           and from which the other party may be made whole if the
           action is unsuccesful.

     (16)  "Water Quality Inspector," means a person(s) designated by
           the NRRA to monitor, inspect and draft periodically written
           reports of the water quality including rivers, streams,
           dams, lakes, aquifers, and groundwater within the Pine
           Ridge Indian Reservation.  Said activities shall be
           conducted to help to ensure that water quality standards
           are maintained pursuant to this code.

CHAPTER 1:  GENERAL PROVISIONS

101  Declaration of Purposes:  Assertion of Authority

     (1)  In order to provide for a permanent homeland for the Oglala
          Sioux pople; to protect the health, the welfare and the
          economic security of the citizens of the Pine Ridge Indian
          Reservation to develop, manage, and preserve the water
          resources of the reservation; to secure a just and equitable
          distribution of the use of water within the Pine Ridge
          Indian Reservation boundaries through a uniform and coherent
          system of regulations; and to provide for the exercise of
          the inherent sovereign powers of self-government by the
          Oglala Sioux Tribe.

     (2)  The Oglala Sioux Tribe hereby assert their prior, exclusive
          and paramount rights in ownership of, and jurisdiction over
          the water of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, defined
          herein, for all purposes.

102  Application of the Code.  Upon the effective date of this code,
     it shall be unlawful for any person within the territorial
     jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, as defined
     herein, to impound, divert, withdraw, or otherwise make any use
     of, or take any action of whatever kind affecting the use of
     water within the territorial jurisdiction of the Oglala Sioux
     Tribe unless the applicable provisions of this code and
     regulation and determinations made hereunder have been complied
     with.  No right to use water, fom whatever source, shall be
     recognized, except use rights obtained under and subject to this
     code.

103  Nature of Ownership.

     (1)  The Oglala Sioux Tribe is the owner of the full equitable
          title to the rights to the use of all waters of the Pine
          Ridge Indian Reservation, as defined herein, and that title
          resides undiminished in the Oglala Sioux Tribe.  The United
          States hold only the legal title to those waters solely as
          trustee for the Oglala Sioux Tribe.

     (2)  All rights to the use of the waters of the Pine Ridge Indian
          Reservation, as defined herein, are held by the Oglala Sioux
          Tribe in perpetuity, for the use and benefit of the Oglala
          Sioux Tribe and the lands and other resources of the Pine
          Ridge Indian Reservation.  No right or privilege of any
          kind, from whatever source, shall be recognized or granted
          unless the same shall be subject to the overriding, prior
          and supreme right and interest of the Oglala Sioux Tribe,
          and the policy and provisions contained in this code,
          amendments hereto, and administrative regulations and
          determinations hereunder.  No agent of the Oglala Sioux
          Tribe, the Oglala Dioux Tribal Council, or the United States
          shall take any action or grant or recongnize any right
          affecting the water resources of the Pine Ridge Indian
          Reservation which in any way decreases or threatens to
          decrease the prior and paramount rights and interests of the
          Oglala Sioux Tribe.

104  Waters of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation Defined.  The waters
     of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation are defined as:

     (1)  all waters located upon or bordering the Pine Ridge Indian
          Reservation, whether flowing or stationary, whether above or
          below the surface of the ground, and whether diffused or
          contained within a defined water source or water body of any
          kind;

     (2)  all waters reserved at any time to the Oglala Sioux Tribe
          and the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation by the United States
          and the Oglala Sioux Tribe; and

     (3)  all water which, in the course of nature or as the result of
          artificial works, flows into or otherwise enhances such
          water.

CHAPTER 2: NOTICE OF ENACTMENT AND EFFECT

201  Notice Required.  To insure that all persons and entities
     affected by this code are given adequate notice of the enactment
     and effect of this code, the NRRA shall, within 30 days after the
     effective date of this code, provide for public notice of its
     enactment and effect in accordance with the provisions of this
     Chapter.

202  Contents of Notice.

     (1)  Such public notice shall contain the following statement,
          prominently displayed and in large, boldface type:

          NOTICE: AFTER_____, NO PERSON OR PUBLIC OR PRIVATE ENTITY OF
          ANY KIND SHALL BE ENTITLED TO TAKE ANY ACTION WITHIN THE
          TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION OF THE PINE RIDGE INDIAN
          RESERVATION WHICH AFFECTS THE USE OF WATER WITHIN THE PINE
          RIDGE INDIAN RESERVATION, UNLESS SUCH ACTION IS AUTHORIZED
          BY A PERMIT AS PROVIDED FOR BY THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBAL WATER
          CODE.  NO OTHER WATER USE RIGHTS OR ANY KIND, FROM WHATEVER
          SOURCE, SHALL BE RECOGNIZED.  THE NECESSARY FORMS MAY BE
          PROCURED FROM THE NRRA, POST OFFICE BOX 468, PINE RIDGE
          (OST), SOUTH DAKOTA 57770, (605) 867-5624, COMPLETE COPIES
          OF THE OGLALA SOIUX TRIBAL WATER CODE ARE ALSO AVAILABLE AT
          THE ABOVE ADDRESS.

     (2)  In addition to the foregoing statement, the Coordinator of
          the NRRA may include in such public notice additional
          information deemed necessary in order to assure adequate
          notice of the enactment and legal effect of this code.

203  Notice - How Given.  The coordinator of the NRRA shall give
     notice of the provisions of this code as follows:

     (1)  the notice provided above shall be placed in the Indian
          Country Today at least once each week over a six-week period,

     (2)  the notice provided above shall be placed in a prominent and
          conspicuous location at the Oglala Sioux Tribe Office, the
          Bureau of Indian Affairs Offices, U.S. Post Offices, Indian
          Health Service Hospitals and Clinics, and in such other
          locations as are deemed necessary or appropriate.

     (3)  the Coordinator of the NRRA may take any other steps and
          post any other notices as is deemed necessary to provide
          notice of the provisions of this code.

CHAPTER 3:  NATURAL RESOURCE REGULATORY AGENCY

301  NRRA - General Powers.  In administering this code, the NRRA may,
     in addition to other actions:

     (1)  enter appropriate orders;

     (2)  recommend to the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council for
          consideration, adoption, modification, or amendment such
          regulations as are deemed necessary to implement this code;

     (3)  file or intervene in any lawsuit, at the direction of the
          Oglala Sioux Tribal Council, or the tribal president;

     (4)  receive regular reports from the inspector of the Water
          Quality Control Program;

     (5)  make determinations of availability and need as provided for
          in Chapter 8 of this code;

     (6)  with the consent of the appropriate committees of the Oglala
          Sioux Tribal Council, enter into administrative agreements,
          exchange information, and otherwise cooperate with
          governmental agencies both on and off the Pine Ridge
          Reservation lands, for appropriate purposes including the
          administration of interstate streams and groundwater;

     (7)  in cooperation with the other standing committees of the
          Oglala Sioux Tribal Council, determine existing and
          foreseeable uses of and needs for water and other related
          resources; and

     (8)  take other actions as provided for in this code.

302  Water Reserves.  In connection with a determination of
     availability and need as provided for in Chapter 8 or in
     connection with other actions taken under this code, the NRRA may
     establish within particular areas dependent on common water
     supplies, reserve water supplies which, although subject to
     existing uses on an interim basis, are set aside for a definite
     or indefinite term of years for future tribal and other needs.

303  Waste Assessments.  Whenever the NRRA of the Oglala Sioux Tribe
     determines that water not presently available is necessary for
     purposes and projects beneficial to a part or all of the Pine
     Ridge Indian Reservation and the inhabitants thereof, the NRRA
     may assess individual water users a fair share of water, in
     predetermined units for such purposes, according to the relative
     priorities of the classes of uses.

304  Designations of Local Management Areas.  The NRRA may, upon the
     recommendation of the Oglala Sioux Tribal President, or Tribal
     Committees, isolate and define, within the surface and
     groundwater system in which individual water uses are to come
     degree related by reason of common supply, "local management
     areas", such as municipal water districts or irrigation
     districts, for specialized adminstration under regulations
     adopted pursuant to this code.

305  Large User Water Permits.  The NRRA may, at its option or upon
     application, recommend for consideration by the Oglala Sioux
     Tribal Council, the granting of water use permits for amounts in
     excess of 1000 acre-feet per year and/or for uses which require
     assurancde of long-term supply.  Such permits may be conditioned
     upon payment of consideration and contain other contractural
     terms including but not limited to, limited periods of times of
     use, differing conditions of revocability or terminability; and
     other conditions providing varying degrees of permanence.

306  Charges for Water Uses.  Reasonable charges may be imposed by
     regulations of the NRRA for the use of the waters of the Pine
     Ridge Indian Reservation.  Such charges shall not apply to
     domestic uses, stockwatering uses, fish and wildlife uses and
     irrigated agricultural uses.  These charges may be imposed on
     users by regulations of the Oglala Sioux Tribe for the operation
     and maintenance of water delivery systems including construction
     contractors and waivers of charges may be granted by the NRRA, if
     the use is shown to be of benefit to the Oglala Sioux Tribe.

CHAPTER 4:  WATER QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM

401 Water Quality Control Program.

     (1)  There is hereby created a tribal water quality control
          program, as a division of the tribal NRRA, and the inspector
          of the water quality program shall exercise the powers and
          perform the duties and functions as specified in this code. 
          The Water Quality Program shall provide the NRRA with copies
          of maps, plans, documents, studies, surveys, investigations,
          and all other necessary information in order that the NRRA
          may be cognizant of the status of water pollution and its
          control as well as the development of the water as a
          resource of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.

     (2)  The Oglala Sioux Tribal NRRA shall administer over and
          assist the tribal Water Quality Program in its duties of
          enforcement upon adoption of this code by the Oglala Sioux
          Tribe.  Until the Water Quality program is fully
          established, the NRRA shall assume the duties that would
          normally be attributed to the Water Quality Control Program.

402  Information Function.  It shall be the duty of the Water Quality
     Inspector to gather, compile and file for tribal use and for
     submission to the NRRA, information related to the waters
     administered under this code.  To this end the Water Quality
     Inspector shall:

     (1)  collect, organize and catalog existing information and
          studies available from all sources, both public and private,
          pertaining to the watersg within the Pine Ridge Indian
          Reservation;

     (2)  develop such additional data and studies pertaining to water
          availability, quality, and use as are necessary to
          accomplish the objectives of this code;

     (3)  solicit public comment, consult the Chapters herein and
          obtain expert advice when appropriate;

     (4)  investigate water uses and other activities affecting the
          waters within the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation boundaries
          to determine compliance with this code and with applicable
          regulations, orders, determinations, permits, including
          water quality standards, issued pursuant to this code;

     (5)  investigate water quality when appropriate; and

     (6)  develop standards and regulations concerning water quality
          and water allocation and submit them for recommendation by
          the Land & Resource Committee and for consideration and
          approval by the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council.

403  Enforcement Function.  It shall be the duty of the Water Quality
     Inspector to insure compliance with this code, and with
     conditions of all permits, determinations, orders, regulation,
     plans and other actions taken under this code, as well as the
     policies and guidelines expressed throughout the code.  To this
     end the Water Quality Inspector may:

     (1)  remove, render inoperative, shut down, close, seal, cap,
          modify or otherwise control methods of diversion,
          withdrawal, and impoundment, obstructions to the flow of
          water and other activities adversely affecting water quality
          or quantity;

     (2)  initiate by means provided herein, proceedings for
          violations of this code and the actions taken under this
          code; and

     (3)  enter upon land to inspect methods of diversion, withdrawal
          and impoundment, inspect other activities affecting water
          quality and quantity, install and monitor measuring and
          recording devices when necessary, and compel testimony and
          data, by Oglala Sioux Tribal Court subpoena, if necessary,
          concerning actions affecting the quality or quantity of the
          waters adminstered under this code.

404  Advisory Function.  The Water Quality Inspector may, from time to
     time, make proposals to the NRRA concerning the following:

     (1)  the advisability of establishing local management areas as
          provided for in Chapter 3 of this code;

     (2)  the advisability of making determinations of availability
          and need as provided for in Chapter 8 of this code;

     (3)  the advisability of taking other actions and adopting other
          plans and methods in order to optimize available water
          supplies and to minimize pollution and thermal degradation;

     (4)  the advisability of participating in administrative
          proceedings, lawsuits and other legal proceedings;

     (5)  the advisability of entering into administrative agreements
          and other cooperative ventures with tribal, local, state or
          federal agencies outside of the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council
          and the NRRA, for appropriate purposes including the
          administration of interstate streams and groundwaters;

     (6)  the advisability of amending or otherwise changing sections
          of this code or adding new sections; and

     (7)  the advisability of taking other actions which will further
          the policies and purposes contained herein and increase the
          effectiveness of this code.

405  Admininstrative Function.  In administering this code, the Water
     Quality Inspector may:

     (1)  grant, deny, modify and revoke water use permits;

     (2)  make determinations of water use rights;

     (3)  initiate proceedings to enforce this code;

     (4)  insure, in coordination with other appropriate agencies,
          adequate water levels in streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes
          to protect Oglala Sioux traditional religious practices,
          wildlife conservation and other values; and

     (5)  enter appropriate orders.

CHAPTER 5:  GUIDELINES FOR ADMINISTRATION

501  General Policy Provisons.  In taking any action under this code,
     NRRA and the Water Quality Control Program shall be guided by the
     following basic policy guidelines:

     (1)  whenever practicable, actions taken should benefit the Pine
          Ridge Indian Reservation and the members of the Oglala Sioux
          Tribe and further the objective for which the Pine Ridge
          Reservation was created: to provide a permanent home and
          abiding place for the members of the Oglala Sioux Tribe,
          both now and in the future.  Alternatives to existing and
          proposed uses are to be considered whenever practicable in
          order to achieve this goal.  Included in those alternatives
          shall be the option to restrict or prohibit entirely any
          further use of water for the benefit of the Oglala Sioux
          Tribe.  If there is presented to the NRRA or the Water
          Quality Control Program a conflict between water uses for
          the benefit of the Pine Ridge Reservation or any of the
          members of the Oglala Sioux Tribe of Indians and non-tribal
          projects or uses, the NRRA or the Water Quality Control
          Program may grant such preference as may be required by this
          code, and lie in the best interest of the Oglala Sioux Tribe
          and its members.

     (2)  in taking any action under this code which may impose
          substantial economic hardship on persons or entities
          presently using water, or which threatens degradation of
          other economic, cultural, religious, historic, aesthetic,
          natural or environmental values, the NRRA, or the Water
          Quality Inspector shall, in reaching their decision,
          carefully consider and weigh:

          (a)  the economic dislocation and hardship which will be
               imposed by such actions;

          (b)  the investment in time, money and other resources made
               by the parties affected in reliance upon any previous
               system of distribution and use of water;

          (c)  any other burdens as may be imposed by such actions;

          (d)  the nature and extent of degradation of other economic,
               cultural, religious, historic, aesthetic, natural or
               environmental values.

     (3)  the NRRA or the Water Quality Inspector, when considering a
          proposed action, shall balance the adverse effects against
          the benefits to the Oglala Sioux Tribe and other interests
          which are advanced as justifying the proposed action.  They
          shall consider alternatives to the proposed action which
          will lessen adverse effects, and shall shape any final
          action so that its adverse effects will be minimized to the
          greatest extent possible, to protect the water resources;

     (4)  when insufficient water suplies are present for whatever
          reason or term, the following priority of uses shall be
          considered in the order in which they are listed:

          (a)  domestic and municipal uses

          (b)  stock watering uses

          (c)  agricultural uses

          (d)  in-stream needs, for fish, wildlife conservation and
               recreational uses

          (e)  economic development uses including industrial and
               power uses

          (f)  other uses

502  Guidelines for Making Most Effective Use of Available Resources. 
     In addition to the policy guidelineds contained in the previous
     section, the NRRA and the Water Quality Inspector shall take
     appropriate action to:

     (1)  insure adequate water supplies

     (2)  maintain water levels for diversion and withdrawal systems;

     (3)  maintain head and pressure in grounwater;

     (4)  prevent or reduce obstruction of surfac water flows;

     (5)  increase efficiency of conveyance systems; increase
          efficiency in water application; increase return flow;
          prevent waste and maximize use of this available supply;

     (6)  create and enhance the efficiency of natural and artificial
          surface and underground storage;

     (7)  enhance natural and artificial recharge of aquifers;

     (8)  define and control interbasin transfers of both surface and
          groundwaters;

     (9)  provide for some degree of overdraft from aquifers when
          short-term recharge is not possible;

     (10)  minimize interference between competing users of water
           sources, whether above or below ground;

     (11)  minimize water quality degradation and the adverse effects
           of water pollution whether from point source or non-point
           sources;

     (12)  minimize thermal degradation or the adverse effects of
           thermal degradation;

     (13)  minimize interaquifer communication;

     (14)  plan for long-term water development;

     (15)  penalize misuse;

     (16)  otherwise insure conformity with the policies and
           provisions of this code.

503  Additional Policy Guidelines.

     (1)  Rivers, streams, lakes and ponds within the Pine Ridge
          Reservation are to be retained substantially in their
          natural conditions, with the base flows and water levels
          necessary to provide for preservation of traditional,
          religious, recreation, wildlife, fish, scenic, aesthetic,
          and other environmental values.  Withdrawals of water which
          would conflict with these interests should be authorized
          only where it is clear that overriding considerations of the
          public interest will be served.

     (2)  Multiple-purpose impoundment structures are to be preferred
          over single-purpose structures.  Due regard shall be given
          to means and methods for protection of recreation, fish and
          wildlife resources in the planning for and construction of
          water impoundment strutures and other artificial
          obstructions.

     (3)  Individuals, corporations, groups, associations and other
          entities shall be required to carry out reasonable practices
          of water and resource conservation and environmental
          protection as they relate to the use of waters within the
          Pine Ridge Indian Reservation boundaries.

CHAPTER 6:  DESCRIPTIONS OF USE AND APPLICATION FOR PERMIT

601  Existin Use Inventory.  In order to determine existing uses of
     water within the Pine Ridge Reservation the Water Quality
     Inspector shall cause an inventory of existing water uses to be
     made and completed within two (2) years following the effective
     date of this code.  The inventory shall be based upon the
     information contained in the Description of Use.

602  Description of Use - Required.  All persons desiring to continue
     to operate existing uses musrt file a Description of Use, as
     required by this Chapter, within one year of the effective date
     of this code.  After such date, it shall be unlawful to continue
     to operate any use or to continue any other action within the
     jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge Reservation which effects the
     waters therein except as authorized by this Chapter.  Individuals
     or groups making use of a well or other water source operated by
     another need not file a Description of Use unless the operator
     fails to do so.

603  Application for Permit - Required.  Upon the effective date of
     this code, all persons desiring to initiate new uses of, or take
     other actions within the jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge
     Reservation affecting the waters therein shall file an
     Application for Permit as required by this Chapter.  After such
     date, it shall be unlawful for any person to make any new use or
     take any other action within the jurisdiction of the Oglala Sioux
     Tribe affecting the waters therein except as authorized by this
     code.

604  Description of Use and Application for Permit - Contents. 
     Description of Use and Application for Permit shall be on forms
     provided by the NRRA and the Water Quality Contol Program and
     shall include the following information:

     (1)  the name and mailing address of the claimant;

     (2)  the name, if available or a description of the soure(s) from
          which water is or will be diverted or withdrawn;

     (3)  the purpose(s) for which water is or will be used;

     (4)  the quantity of water which is or will be used;

     (5)  a legal description, and other descriptions reasonably
          describing the point(s) of diversion, withdrawal or
          impoundment;

     (6)  a description of the method(s) of diversion, withdrawal or
          impoundment.  The description of the method(s) of
          groundwater withdrawals shall be a Drilling Permit on a form
          approved by the NRRA;

     (7)  a description of how water is or will be applied or
          consumed, including acreage and crop if the water is for
          irrigation; the kind and number of stock if the water is for
          stock watering; and the number of people and/or homes to be
          served if the water is for domestic or municipal use;

     (8)  the best estimate reasonably possible of return flow to the
          source(s), including how, when, at what point(s) and changes
          in quality and temperatures;

     (9)  the estimated data on which the use(s) began or will be
          commenced;

     (10)  if any pre-existing use is claimed, a description and copy
           of any legal documents, statute(s), or regulations upon
           which the use is based, and any pertinent litigation
           creating or affecting the use;

     (11)  the water user's plan for future development of the water
           use(s) and related activites; and

     (12)  any other information deemed necessary by the NRRA.

605  Interim Permits.  A Description of Use which is made with respect
     to a use existing prior to the effective date of this code shall,
     until a permit is issued or denied, serve as an interim permit
     authorizing the use of a reasonable quantity of water for the
     uses described and actually made while the application is
     pending.  Additional uses planned but not commenced prior to the
     effective date of this code may be made on an interim basis upon
     Emergency Certification by the NRRA or the Water Quality Control
     Program until a permit covering such uses is issued or until
     other action is taken under this code.

606  Fees.  Each Application for Permit shall be accompanied by a
     $25.00 filing fee.  Provided, however, that the NRRA or the Water
     Quality Inspector may waive payment of such filing fee in cases
     of demonstrated financial hardship.

607  Public Notice of Descriptions of Use and Application for Water
     Use Permit - Initial Notice.  As soon as possible and no more
     than two years after the effective date of this code, the Water
     Quality Inspector shall divide the Pine Ridge Reservation into
     hydrologic basins or watersheds in which water uses are to some
     degree inter-related and prepared:

     (1)  a map of the Pine Ridge Reservation showing such basins or
          watershed;

     (2)  a listing for each basin or watershed of each use described
          and permit applied for, which listing shall include names
          and addresses of applicants, descriptions of water sources,
          quantities applied for, point of diversion, withdrawal or
          impoundment, methods of diversion, withdrawal or impoundment
          and description of the uses to be made;

     (3)  a statement that the applicants described in the listing
          have applied for permits under the Oglala Sioux Tribal Water
          Code and that any persons claiming that their uses may be
          adversely affected by the issuance of such permits may
          object to their issuance in accordance with the provisions
          for objection, notice and hearing provided for in this code;

     (4)  a brief description of the objection, notice and hearing
          provisions of this code and information which will assist
          the objecting parties in procuring the necessary form and
          commencing an objection;

     (5)  a statement that any person may comment either orally or in
          writing on the issuance of any permit; and

     (6)  a brief description of the public comment and investigation
          sections of this Chapter.

     The map, listings, statements and descriptions prepared under the
     preceding paragraphs shall forthwith be published and posted in
     the same manner as provided in Chapter 203 Notice - How Given,
     subject to the following exceptions:

     (1)  maps and descriptions of objection procedures may be
          ommitted if deemed impractical;

     (2)  newspaper publications may be limited to four weekly
          notices; and

     (3)  listings need be published and distributed only in the
          hydrologic basins or watersheds affected by proposed or
          existing uses.

608  Public Notice of Applications for Permit - Continuing Operation. 
     When additional Applications for Permit are received during the
     course of the administration of this code, the Water Quality
     Inspector shall, in conformance with the preceding section:

     (1)  include in the listing provided for in Chapter 607 (2) the
          necessary information concerning the new use or action;

     (2)  prepare a statement that one or more new Application for
          Permit have been made and objections may be made to them in
          accordance with Chapter 607 (3);

     (3)  prepare the descriptions and statements provided in Chapters
          607 (4), 607 (5) and 607 (6);

     (4)  the revised listing, statements and descriptions provided
          for in the preceding paragraphs shall forthwith be
          published, posted and mailed in the affected area in the
          same manner as provided for in Chapter 607, in order to
          assure adequate notice and an opportunity for hearing to
          persons who may be adversely affected by the proposed uses
          or actions.

609  Objections Affecting Descriptions or Use and Applications for
     Permit.  Any person or entity whose interests are or may be
     affected by a water use described and/or applied for may, within
     30 days from the date of publishing, and posting of notice that
     such use has been described and/or applied for, file a formal
     objection to the issuance of the permit applied for.

610  Form and Contents of Objections.

     (1)  Objections may be made on forms prepared and made available
          by the Water Quality Inspector and shall include the name
          and mailing address of the party objecting; the name of the
          applicant whose application is objected to; a description of
          the water use objected to; a short and plain statement of
          reasons why a permit should be issued or should not be
          issued;

     (2)  oral objections may be made to the Water Quality Inspector
          when it is determined by the inspector that the
          circumstances permit an oral objection.  Such oral
          objections shall be reduced to writing on the proper forms
          by the Water Quality Inspector.

611  Reply by Applicant.  Any applicant for a permit whose use is
     objected to may reply in writing or orally in the same manner as
     provided herein for objections.

612  Hearings Regarding Issuance of Permit.  Any applicant directly
     affected or any party objecting in accordance with this Chapter
     may request a hearing on such objection.  In addition, the Water
     Quality Inspector or the NRRA may schedule a hearing concerning
     the issuance of a permit or permits on their own motion whenever
     they determine that such hearings are needed.  Provided, that
     whenever possible, hearings concerning proposed or existing uses
     in a particular basin or area shall be consolidated to promote
     efficiency, minimize expense or hardship, and prevent
     duplication.  Unless otherwise provided for in Chapter 10 and
     shall be given to: the applicants whose uses are objected to; the
     objecting parties; other persons designated by the objecting
     parties and applicants; all other persons affected by the
     proposed use in question and all other persons requesting notice.
     Unless otherwise provided for in this Chapter, hearings shall be
     conductd as provided for in Chapter 10.

613  Public Comment.  Any person or entity may comment orally or in
     writing upon the proposed issuance of any permit under this code.
     It is the policy of the Oglala Sioux Tribe that all interested
     parties be given the opportunity to participate in the decision
     making process as set forth in this code.

614  Investigation and Review of Permit Issuance.  In addition to
     gathering information from the objection, comments, and hearings
     as provided for above, the Water Quality Inspector may make any
     reasonable investigation of the facts and circumstances
     surrounding the permit application; may solicit comments and
     information from the public and from appropriate governmental
     agencies; and may otherwise gather information which will assist
     in making the decision to issue or deny a permit in accordance
     with the provisions of this Chapter.

615  Issuance or Denial of Permits.  As soon as possible after
     application, hearing, if any, and a reasonable period for public
     comment shall have passed, and no more than 90 days after the
     date of the application, if uncontested, or the hearing, if a
     hearing is held, the Water Quality Inspector shall review the
     comments and information gathered witn respect to a specific
     application and either deny a permit or issue a permit in the
     form provided for in Chapter 7.

CHAPTER 7:  WATER USE PERMITS

701  Form.  Water use permits issued in accordance with this code
     shall be on a form approved by the NRRA.

702  Information Contained.  Each permit shall include:

     (1)  the name and mailing address of the permittee;

     (2)  the name of, if available, or a description of, the
          source(s) from which water is or will be diverted, withdrawn
          or impounded;

     (3)  the quantity of water which will be used;

     (4)  the legal description, if such is readily available, or
          other description reasonably describing the point(s) of
          diversion, withdrawal or impoundment;

     (5)  a description of the method(s) of diversion, withdrawal or
          impoundment;

     (6)  the purpose(s) for which water is or will be used;

     (7)  a description of how water may be applied or consumed,
          including acreage and crop if the water is for irrigation;
          the kind and number of stock if the water is for stock
          watering, and the number of people and/or homes to be served
          if the water is for domestic or municipal use;

     (8)  the approximate date upon which the use(s) permitted began
          or will be commenced; and

     (9)  any other information as is deemed necessary and appropriate.

703  Conditions.  Each water use permit issued pursuant to this code
     shall contain whatever conditions are necessary to insure
     adequate quality and quantities of water; to otherwise further
     the purposes, policies and guidelines continaed within this code;
     and to assist in the effective administration of this code. 
     These may include, but are not limited to, conditions and
     limitations concerning:

     (1)  the source from which water may be diverted, withdrawn or
          impounded;

     (2)  the quantity of water which may be diverted, withdrawn or
          impounded during any particular time;

     (3)  the point(s) of diversion, withdrawal or impoundment;

     (4)  the method(s) of diversion, withdrawal or impoundment;

     (5)  the purpose for which water will be used;

     (6)  the method of application;

     (7)  the location and purpose of application, including acreage
          for crops and number of livestock for livestock watering;

     (8)  the quantity and quality of return flow;

     (9)  the time period during which water may be used;

     (10)  schedules for diversion, withdrawal or impoundment,
           including optional rotation schedules;

     (11)  provisions for surface or groundwater storage of surplus
           flows;

     (12)  provisions for increasing the efficiency of diversion,
           withdrawal or impoundment and application;

     (13)  provisions for maintainig minimum pools and streamflows for
           fish, wildlife, recreation, aesthetic and Oglala Sioux
           religious values;

     (14)  provisions for insuring minimum pumping and diversion
           levels with respect both to surface and underground water;

     (15)  provisions designed to maintain head and pressure in
           grounwaters;

     (16)  provisions designed to prevent or reduce obstruction of
           surface water flows;

     (17)  provisions designed to minimize point and non-point source
           pollution, water quality degradation and thermal
           degradation;

     (18)  provisions designed to enhance recharge of aquifers;

     (19)  provisions designed to define and control interbasin
           transfers of surface and groundwaters;

     (20)  provisions for some degree of overdraft from aquifers when
           short-term recharge is not possible;

     (21)  provisions designed to prevent or reduce interference
           between competing users or water sources whether above or
           below ground;

     (22)  provisions to minimize interaquifer communication;

     (23)  provisions to insure long-term water development;

     (24)  any other provisions necessary to insure conformity with
           the policies and provisions of this code and actions taken
           pursuant to this code.

704  Entry on Land.  No person shall be authorized to use or otherwise
     take any action affecting the waters administered under this code
     unless he/she shall consent to reasonable entry upon his/her land
     by Oglala Sioux Tribal employees engaged in the administration of
     this code.  Every permit issued under this code shall contain the
     condition that no use or other action affecting the waters in
     question may be made unless the applicant consents to such
     reasonable entry upon his/her land.

705  Effect.  A water use permit issued under this code constitutes
     Oglala Sioux Tribal permission to use the water within the
     territtorial jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation,
     subject to the terms and conditions of the permit, to this code,
     and to actions taken pursuant to this code.  No water permit
     issued hereunder shall be construed as creating or recognizing
     any right other than Oglala Sioux Tribal permission to use water,
     nor shall any water use permit ripen into any interest other than
     such limited permission.

706  Revocability.  Unless otherwise indicated, water permits issued
     under this code are revocable by the Water Quality Inspector in
     accordance with the policies, purposes, guidelines and procedures
     established in this code.

707  Modification.  Water permits are modifiable in accordance with
     the procedures in this code.

CHAPTER 8:  DETERMINATION OF AVAILABILITY AND NEED

801  When Proceeding Available.  Whenever at any time after the
     Existing Use Inventory is completed, an application for a permit
     covering a new or changed use of, or other action affecting water
     is made, or a complaint concerning an existing or proposed use,
     or other action affecting the water is made; or a request is made
     by the NRRA and it appears probably to the Water Quality
     Inspector that a water supply common to a particular area is or
     will be used beyond its capacity, or otherwise adversely
     affected; the Water Quality Inspector may initiate a proceeding
     to determine the availability of and need for water in accordance
     with the provisions of this Chapter.

802  Purposes.  The purposes of a proceeding to determine availability
     or and need for water under this Chapter shall be:  to evaluate
     existing and future needs dependent upon a particular supply; to
     compute with reasonable certainty the characteristics of a
     particular supply, including quantity, surface and groundwater
     levels, rates and directions of flow, rates of recharge,
     out-of-basin sources, pollution, thermal degradation, and other
     characteristics, at particular locations and times; to explore
     various methods for increasing supply such as artificial
     recharge, storage, increased efficiency, alternatives to present
     uses, altenatives to activities presently requiring the
     consumption of water; to assist to land use planning in
     accordance with the policies and actions of the Oglala Sioux
     Tribe; and to make available to other tribal, local, state and
     federal agencies and to members of the public, information
     concerning the waters in question.

803  Notice of Proceeding.

     (1)  Whenever a proceeding is initiated under Chapter 801, the
          Water Quality Inspector shall provide notice of such
          proceeding in the same manner as provided in Chapter 1002 to
          all parties who are using or will use or otherwise affect or
          rely upon the water supply in question, or will otherwise be
          directly affectd by such proceeding.

     (2)  Such notice shall state in plain and simple language the
          reason for initiation of the proceeding; the nature of the
          proceeding; the geographic area covered by the proceeding;
          and as nearly as may be determined, the possible effects of
          such a proceeding on individual water uses.

     (3)  The Water Quality Inspector shall make every reasonable
          effort to ensure that all persons or entities whose
          interests are or will be affected by the proceeding have
          reasonable notice of the nature, scope and possible effects
          of the proceeding and a reasonable opportunity to prepare
          for and participate in the proceeding.

804  Water Quality Control Program - Investigation Initiation.  As
     soon as the Water Quality Inspector determines that a proceeding
     shall be initiated under this Chapter, he/she shall define as
     accurately as possible the area covered by the proceeding and
     commence an investigation as provided herein.

805  Water Quality Program - Information Gathering.  The Water Quality
     Inspector shall initiate an investigation to gather and evaluate
     all available, pertinent data from whatever sources concerning
     the water supply and needs for water in question; to formulate
     proposals concerning the use of water in question; and to provide
     other information, alternatives, and recommendations to assist
     the NRRA.  Such information, alternatives and recommendations
     shall be contained in the report of the Quality Inspector
     provided for in Chapter 806 of this code.

806  Water Quality Program - Report.  Upon completion of the
     investigation provided for in Chapter 805, and no more than 90
     days after the initiation of the investigation, the Water Quality
     Inspector shall transmit to the NRRA the report concerning the
     availability of and need for water in the particular area to
     which the proceeding applies.  The report shall include the
     following:

     (1)  a geographic and geologic description of the area studies,
          setting out as precisely as possible the boundaries of the
          area;

     (2)  a general description of the water supply in that area, from
          all sources;

     (3)  a description of the various characteristics of the water
          supply which are relevant to present and proposed uses and
          other actions;

     (4)  a computation of the water supply available at particular
          times and places;

     (5)  a description of the present and proposed uses of and other
          actions affecting the water supply in question;

     (6)  a description and evaluation of the need for each such
          present or proposed use or other action;

     (7)  a description of possible methods for increasing available
          water supply;

     (8)  a description of economic and technical methods which may be
          implemented to increase the efficiency of use;

     (9)  alternatives for present uses which will minimize the
          impacts described in Chapter 501 of this code;

     (10)  amounts of water within the particular supply which shall
           be subject to a reserve as provided in Chapter 303 of this
           code;

     (11)  proposals for assessing varying amounts of water as
           provided for in Chapter 304 of this code; and

     (12)  any additional information and recommendations which the
           Water Quality Inspector deems is necessary for inclusion.

807  Proposed Determination of Availability and Need.  As soon as
     possible and no more than 30 days after receipt of the report of
     the Water Quality Inspector, the NRRA shall cause to be prepared
     a proposed Determination of Availability and Need in accordance
     with the provisions of this Chapter.

808  Determination of Availability and Need - Contents.  A
     Determination of Availability and Need may include the following,
     either as recommendation or mandatory provisions;

     (1)  a description and map of the affected area;

     (2)  a description of the water supply in the affected area,
          including a description of the various characteristics of
          the supply which are especially pertinent to present and
          proposed water uses within that area;

     (3)  a description of the various present and future needs for
          using or affecting the water supply in the area;

     (4)  a list of priorities to be observed within the affected area;

     (5)  a list of storage methods which are or may be proposed and
          implemented;

     (6)  a description of methods for increasing efficiency;

     (7)  a description of possible interbasin transfers; and

     (8)  other information, provisions and recommendations or
          requirements reasonably calculated to inform the affected
          parties concerning the future management of the water supply
          in question.

809  Notice of Hearing.  As soon as possible and no more than 30 days
     after the drafting of a proposed Determination of Availability
     and Need, the Water Quality Inspector shall provide notice, in
     the manner provided for in Chapter 803, of a public hearing at
     which interested persons may present oral or written comments
     concerning the proposed Determination of Availability and Need. 
     Included in the notice shall be a description and map of the
     affected area; a description of the proceeding to date and a
     clear statement that copies of the proposed Determination of
     Availability and Need shall be made reasonably available to
     interested persons.  The notice shall state the date, time and
     place for a hearing, to be held not less than 30 nor more than 60
     days after the date notice is completed.

810  Hearing.  A hearing shall be held with respect to every proposed
     Determination of Availability and Need.  Whenever possible, such
     hearings shall be held in the affected area, at a date, time and
     place which is reasonably convenient to a major portion of the
     parties affected.  At such hearings, the Water Quality Inspector
     shall provide a brief oral statement of the purpose of the
     hearing and a description of the proceeding date, including the
     proposed Determination.  At least one member of the NRRA,
     preferably the NRRA Coordinator, shall be present and shall
     preside over the hearing.  

     After the presentation is made by the NRRA or its designees,
     public comment shall be allowed.  Public comment may be limited
     by reasonable rules adopted by the NRRA to insure an opportunity
     for full comment.  Hearings may be continued if necessary to such
     times and places as are deemed appropriate upon adequate notice.

811  Final Determination of Availability and Need.  As soon as
     possible, and no more than 60 days after the public hearing
     provided for in Chapter 810, the NRRA shall cause to be prepared
     a final Determination of Availability and Need.  Notice of this
     final Determination shall be made in the same manner as provided
     for in Chapter 803 and shall indicate the copies of the
     Determination are reasonably available for public review.

812  Subsequent Actions.  Upon completion of the above proceedings,
     the Water Quality Inspector shall make copies of the
     Determination of Availability and Need made under the provisions
     of this Chapter, reasonably available to parties requesting the
     same; shall grant, revoke, deny or  modify permits in accordance
     with such Determination; shall enter appropriate orders and take
     other actions authorized by this code to prevent overuse and/or
     pollution in accordance with such Determination; and shall take
     whatever other actions are necessary and authorized by this code
     to assist in the implementation of the Determination and of the
     policies, provisions and guidelines set forth in this code.

813  Appeal.  Appeals from the final Determination of the Availability
     and Need shall be taken in the same manner as provided for in
     Chapter 11 of this code.

CHAPTER 9:  TRANSFER AND LOSS OF RIGHTS

901  Transfer, Assignment, Descent, Distribution and Creation of
     Security Interest.  Permits issued under this code shall not be
     subject to transfer, assignment, descent, distribution or
     creation of any security interest without the express written
     consent of the Water Quality Inspector.  Applications for
     transfer, assignment, or creation of a security interest shall be
     made on forms prepared and made available by the Water Quality
     Inspector.  Such forms shall be designed to solicit information
     concerning any substantial changes which will or may occur as a
     result of the transfer, assignment or creation of a security
     interest in a water use permit.  Every attempt should be made to
     conform with the purposes of Chapter 6, governing Description of
     the Use and Application for Permit.  Heirs and successors in
     interest of permittees shall apply for permits in their own
     names; however, such substitute permits shall be freely granted
     unless changing hydrological conditions clearly warrant a
     modification of the prior permits.

902  Loss by Nonuse.  Any right to use or otherwise affect in any way
     water within the territorial jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge
     Indian Reservation, regardless of its origin, shall become void
     and revert, to the extent of the abandonment or nonuse, to the
     Oglala Sioux Tribe when the holder of such use right wholly or
     partially abandons the same, or voluntarily fails without
     sufficient cause to use all or a portion of the water available
     under such use right for a period of five consecutive years. 
     "Sufficient Cause" shall include:

     (1)  drought or other availability of water;

     (2)  active service in the armed forces of the United States;

     (3)  the operation of legal proceedings;

     (4)  the application of any laws restricting water use;

     (5)  incarceration in a penal institution;

     (6)  confinement in a mental instituion, whether voluntary or
          involuntary;

     (7)  incompetence by reason of age or mental incapacity;

     (8)  provisions for future use as provided in this code; or

     (9)  other causes of nonuse beyond the control of the holder(s)
          of the use right claimed.

     Before such rights to use water may be deemed lost by nonuse of
     abandonment, the Water Quality Inspector shall serve notice on
     the holders of such use rights to appear at a hearing to be held
     before the NRRA not less than 30 days after the mailing or
     personal service of such notice and show cause why their use
     rights should not be deemed void.  Such notice and hearing shall
     be in the manner provided for in Chapter 10 of this code
     governing notice and hearing.

903  Loss by Adverse Possession, Prescription, Estoppel, or
     Acquiescence.  No right to use or otherwise affect the quantity,
     level, flow, pressure, quality, or temperature of water may be
     acquired by adverse possession, prescription, estoppel or
     acquiescence.

904  Outside Proceedings.  No use right granted under this code may be
     reduced or taken or otherwise affected in any procedure or
     determination or adjudication except as provided for in this code.

CHAPTER 10:  GENERAL HEARING PROVISIONS

1001  Applicability.  Unless otherwise provided for in this code,
      hearings shall be held in accordance with the provisions of this
      Chapter.

1002  Notice.  All parties who will or may be directly affected by a
      proposed action shall be given notice by mail or any hearings
      held under this Chapter.  In additions, notice of hearings shall
      be published in one paper having general circulation in the
      affected area and notice of hearing shall be posted in prominent
      places in the affected area, as set forth in Chapter 2 of this
      code.

      Every attempt shall be made to give each party who will or may
      be directly affected by any action, actual notice of that action
      and fair and adequate opportunity to be heard.

1003  Time and Place of Hearing.  Whenever possible hearings shall be
      held in the affected area, at a date, time and place which is
      convenient for a major portion of the parties affected.

1004  Continuance.  Continuances shall be freely granted when the ends
      of justice so require and in order to assure adequate notice and
      opportunity to be heard.

1005  Presiding Officer.  The NRRA shall designate a qualified and
      impartial Hearing Officer to preside over hearings provided for
      in this Chapter.

1006  Forms of Evidence.  Evidence may be submitted in any practical
      form including oral testimony, written evidence, and descriptive
      evidence.  The ordinary rules of evidence shall not apply but
      evidence which is irrelevant, cumulative, unduly prejudicial, or
      would otherwise be unfairly admitted, may be excluded or
      admitted only under special conditions or stipulations.

1007  Consolidation of Hearings.  Whenever possible, hearings
      concerning proposed or existing actions in a particular
      watershed or area shall be consolidated to promote efficiency,
      minimize expense or hardship, and to prevent duplication.

1008  Recording.  Hearings shall be recorded by mechanical means,
      provided, that any person may provide at his/her own expense for
      a stenographic record.

1009  Decision.  Whenever a decision is required in accordance with
      the provisions of this code following a public hearing, the
      Hearing Officer shall prepare findings of fact and conclusion of
      law and shall recommend a proposed decision to the Water Quality
      Inspector.  The Inspector may make such modifications as are
      clearly warranted by the evidence and applicable law and shall
      issue a final decision, including an explanation for any changes
      made in any recommendation.  Such decision shall be published
      and served upon the parties in the same manner as provided in
      Chapter 1002 governing notice of hearings.

CHAPTER 11:  APPEALS

1101  Appeals Provided For.  There shall be no appeal from actions
      taken under this code except as provided herein.  Appeals shall
      be made to the Court of Appeals of the Oglala Sioux Tribe.

1102  Notice of Appeal - Jurisdiction.  Any party aggrieved by any
      final action taken under this code may, by filing a Notice of
      Appeal with the Court of Appeals of the Oglala Sioux Tribe
      obtain review of such final action.  The Court of Appeals shall
      have no jurisdiction to hear any appeal initiated pursuant to
      this Chapter unless the Notice of Appeal is filed with the Court
      of Appeals within 30 days after the date of the final action. 
      "Final action" means any action taken under this code for which
      no further consideration by the Water Quality Inspector or the
      NRRA is required.

1103  Notice of Appeal - Service.  Upon filing of the Notice of
      Appeal, the party appealing the final action shall forthwith,
      and no more than 10 days after filing of the Notice of Appeal,
      cause the Notice of Appeal to be served on all parties to the
      proceeding being appealed.

1104  Transmittal of Record.

     (1)  Upon receipt of the Notice of Appeal, the Water Quality
          Inspector and the NRRA shall cause all pertinent documents
          in their possession, and any other articles of evidence in
          their possession, to be transmitted to the Court of Appeals.

     (2)  Any party to an appeal may at his/her own expense, cause a
          transcript of any hearings or other proceedings below to be
          prepared and transmitted to the Court of Appeals.  Provided,
          that the Water Quality Inspector in his/her discretion shall
          bear the final financial burden of preparing such transcript
          when it appears, after good cause shown, that a party is
          financially unable to do so.

1105  Oral Argument.  Upon receipt of the Notice of Appeal, the Court
      of Appeals shall, as soon as possible and no more than 15 days
      after receipt thereof, notify the NRRA, the Water Quality
      Inspector, the appealing party, and the other parties to the
      proceedings, of a date certain for full hearings before the
      Court of Appeals.

1106  Briefs.  Parties may at their own option or shall when requested
      to do so by the Court of Appeals file briefs in support of their
      appeal.  Briefs shall be due on dates set by the Court of
      Appeals and no less than 30 days after receipt of the notice
      provided for the Chapter 1105.

1107  Scope of Review.  The Court of Appeals, in reviewing the final
      action appealed from, shall limit its review to the issues and
      the evidence which were before the Water Quality Inspector or
      the NRRA at the time of the final action.  The Court of Appeals
      may affirm, reverse, modify in whole or in part, or remand for
      further consideration, any final action appealed from. 
      Provided, final actions appealed from may only be reversed,
      modified or remanded when they are arbitrary, capricious
      unsupported by substantial evidence, not in substantial
      conformity with this code or otherwise contrary to law.

1108  Court of Appeals - Additional Powers.

     (1)  The Court of Appeals may on its own motion or upon motion of
          any party dismiss an appeal for want of prosecution, gross
          procedural irregularity, or mootness when the ends of
          justice so require.

     (2)  In addition, the Court of Appeals may stay the operation of
          final actions appealed from, in whole or in part, and may,
          when the ends of justice require, provide for a supersedeas
          bond or other security from the parties of the appeal.

CHAPTER 12:  WATER POLLUTION CONTROL

1201  General Policies.  For the benefit of the Pine Ridge Indian
      Reservation and its residents, the NRRA and the Water Quality
      Control Program will serve to protect, maintain, and improve the
      quality thereof for public water supplies, for the propagation
      of wildlife, fish and aquatic life, and for domestic,
      agricultural, industrial, traditional, cultural, recreational,
      and other beneficial uses; to provide that no waste be
      discharged into any waters of the reservation without first
      being given the degree of treatment necessary to protect the
      legitimate beneficial uses of such waters; to provide for the
      prevention, abatement, and control of new or existing water
      pollution; to place in priority those control measures directed
      towared the elimination of pollution which creates hazards to
      public health; to insure due consideration of financial problems
      imposed on water polluters through the pursuit of these
      objectives; and to cooperate with other agencies of the tribe,
      states, and the federal government in carrying out these
      objectives.

1202  Water Quality Standards.  The NRRA and the Water Quality
      Inspector will promulgate stream water quality standards in
      accordance with Section 303 of the Clean Water Act.  These
      standards will be used as a general measure of the quality of
      various streams within the reservation boundaries and suggest
      the uses for which the water is generally suitable.  The measure
      of the quality of the water in a particular stream will be based
      upon a comparison of stream water quality data to the maximum
      allowable contaminant levels of the National Primary and
      Secondary Drinking Water Regulations of the Safe Drinking Water
      Act.

1203  Drinking Water Standards.

     (1)  Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Primary Drinking Water
          Standards for public water systems:

                    Maximum Contaminate Levels
          Inorganic Chemicals                             mg/L
               Arsenic................................... 0.05
               Barium.................................... 1.00
               Cadmium................................... 0.01
               Chromium.................................. 0.05
               Lead...................................... 0.05
               Mercury................................... 0.002
               Nitrate...................................10.00
               Selenium.................................. 0.01
               Silver.................................... 0.05
               Fluoride.................................. 1.4-2.4

          Organic Chemicals                               mg/L
               Endrin.................................... 0.0002
               Lindane................................... 0.004
               Methoxychlor.............................. 0.1
               Toxaphene................................. 0.005
               2,4 - D................................... 0.01
               Trihalomethanes........................... 0.1
               Phenols

           Radioactivity                                  pCi/l
               Radium 226/228............................   5
               Gross alpha particle (including radium -
                226) ....................................  15


     (2)  Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Secondary Drinking
          Water Standards for public water system:

                           Maximumm Contaminate Levels
           Chloride................................... 250 mg/L
           Color......................................  15 color units
           Copper.....................................   1 mg/L
           Corrosivity................................ non-corrosive
           Foam Agents................................ 0.5 mg/L
           Iron....................................... 0.3 mg/L
           Manganese.................................. 0.05 mg/L
           Odor.......................................   3 threshold
                                                           odor number
           pH......................................... 6.5-8.5
           Sulfate.................................... 250 mg/L
           TDS (Total dissolved solids)............... 500 mg/L
           Zinc.......................................   5 mg/L

1204  Surface Water Quality.

     (1)  Criteria for Coldwater Marginal Fish Life Propagation Waters:

          Total Chlorine residual..................... 0.02 mg/L
          Ammonia Nitrogen............................ 0.02 mg/l (as N)
          Total Cyanide............................... 0.02 mg/L
          Free Cyanide................................ 0.005
          Dissolved Oxygen............................ 5.0
          H2S......................................... 0.002
          pH.......................................... 6.5 - 8.8
          Suspended Solids............................  90 mg/L
          Temperature.................................  75 degrees
                                                            F or less
          PCB's.......................................  .000001 mg/L

     (2)  Criteria for Warmwater Permanent Fish Life Propagation Waters:

          Total Chlorine residual
          Ammonia Nitrogen.............................  .04
          Total Cyanide
          Dissolved Oxygen
          H2S
          pH........................................... 6.5 - 9.0
          Suspended Solids
          Temperature.................................. 80 degrees F
          PCB's........................................ .000001 mg/L

     (3)  Criteria for Warmwater Semi Permanent Fish Life Propagation
          Waters Same Except:

          pH............................................  6.3 - 9.0
          Temperature...................................  90 degree F

     (4)  Criteria for Immersion Recreation Waters:

          Dissolved Oxygen.............................. 5.0 mg/L
          pH.......................................... 6.5 - 8.3 units
          Free Cyanide (May 1 - Sept. 30) .............. 200/100 mg/L

     (5)  Criteria for Wildlife Propagation and Stockwatering Waters:

          Total Alkalinity........................ 750 mg/L(as calcium
                                                    carbonate)
          TDS (Total dissolved solids)............ 2500 mg/L
          EC Conductivity......................... 4000 micromhos/cm at
                                                    25 degree C
          Nitrates................................  50 mg/L (as N)
          ph...................................... 6.0 - 9.5 units

     (6)  Criteria for Irrigation (May 15 - Sept 30)

          EC Conductivity.......................... 2500 micrommhos/cm
                                                    at 25 degrees C
          Sodium absorption ratio..................  10

1205 Exemptions of Public Water Supply Systems - Requirements.  The
     NRRA or the Water Quality Inspector may exempt any public water
     supply system from any maximum contaminant level upon finding that:

     (1)  due to compelling factors, including economic, the public
          water system is unable to comply with the contaminant level.
          In assessing the compelling factors, the Water Quality
          Inspector shall consider such factors as construction,
          installation or modification of treatment equipment or
          systems and the time needed to replace an existing
          noncomplying facility with a new treatment system;

     (2)  the public water system was in operation on the effective
          date of the maximum contaminant level regulations;

     (3)  the granting of the exemption will not result in an
          unreasonable risk to health; and

     (4)  within one year of the date of exemption authorization, a
          schedule for compliance will be issued and the owner of the
          supply agrees to implement the schedule.

CHAPTER 13:  FURTHER PROHIBITIONS

1301  Underground Injection Control.  At the present time, the NRRA
      and the Water Quality Control Program prohibits all hazardous
      waste injections that would have an adverse effect on the
      underground drinking water sources of the Pine Ridge Indian
      Reservation.  However, if deemed necessary by the Oglala Sioux
      Tribe, Class II Underground Injection wells (oil and gas
      related) and geothermal activities will receive further
      consideration, but all possible regulations and enforcement
      procedures will be implemented to the fullest extent, if such
      wells become feasible.

1302  Streambed Alteration.

     (1)  Alteration work shall not be permitted within the high water
          mark of any stream without receiving a permit from the NRRA.
          Any person proposing the project shall submit a work plan to
          the NRRA for their review.  The NRRA will either issue a
          permit, deny a permit, or request further review.

     (2)  There shall be no heavy equipment allowed within the
          confines of any stream.  In-stream work shall be completed
          with equipment situated out of the stream channel.

1303  Minimum In-Stream Flow.

     (1)  Under this article, minimum in-stream flow for cultural and
          traditional uses, fish and aquatic life, recreation and
          aesthetic purposes are legitimmate beneficial uses.

     (2)  Parties proposing to de-water major reservation streams for
          agricultural uses must demonstrate to the tribe that the
          proposed activities will not interfere with a minimum stream
          flow no less than ten cubic feet per second for the purposes
          of this Subchapter (1).

     (3)  A minimum stream flow of 10 cfs shall be retained in all
          other streams at all times, unless the natural flow, due to
          natural conditions, is less than 10 cfs.

1304  Lakeshore, Damshore Management.

     (1)  A permit is required by any person who proposes to do any
          work which will alter or diminish the course, current, or
          cross sectional area of a lake, its lakeshore, dam or its
          damshore.  Without limitation, the following activities are,
          when conducted below mean annual high water elevation,
          examples of work for which a permit is required: 
          Construction of channels and ditches; dredging of lake
          bottom areas to remove muck, silt, or weeds; lagooning;
          filling; constructing breakwaters or pilings, wharves,and
          docks.

     (2)  Any person proposing work within a lakeshore or damshore
          area shall submit a work plan to the NRRA for their review. 
          The NRRA will make the final decision on whether and how any
          work is accomplished.  Factors to be considered during the
          review process are that the work will not, during either its
          construction or utilization:

          (a)  materially diminish water quality;

          (b)  materially diminish habitat for fish or wildlife;

          (c)  interfere with navigation or other lawful recreation;

          (d)  create a public nuisance;

          (e)  create a viual impact discordant with natural scenic
               values, as determined by the NRRA, where such values
               from the prominent landscape elements; or

          (f)  materially impair cultural or traditional uses of
               lakes, lakeshore areas or dam and damshore areas.

     (3)  A person who performs work in a lake or dam without a permit
          for that work, shall if required by the NRRA, restore the
          lake to its condition before it was disturbed, and is
          subject to the provisions for violations, remedies, and
          penalties under this code.

1305  Obstruction to Fish Passage.

     (1)  No object may be built in or across a stream that will block
          or inhibit the free passage of fish past that point.

     (2)  Any person proposing such work must submit a written project
          proposal to be reviewed by the NRRA at a public meeting.  If
          approval is received, and a permit granted, permit
          conditions must be adhered to which will facilitate the
          passage of fish.

CHAPTER 14:  PROHIBITED ACTS

1401  Waste of Water Prohibited.  No waters that have been withdrawn,
      diverted, impounded or otherwise taken pursuant to a valid
      permit or otherwise shall be wasted.  The withdrawal of
      reasonable quantities of water in connection with construction,
      development, testing or repair of diversion, withdrawal and
      impoundment works shall not be construed.  In the event of
      inadvertent loss of water owing to defects in equipment for
      diversions, withdrawals and impoundments such shall not be
      construed as waste if reasonable diligence is shown by the
      permittee in effecting necessary repairs.

1402  Unauthorized Actions Affecting Waters Prohibited.  Whenever any
      use or other action affecting the use of waters within the
      territorial jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation,
      is required by this code to be authorized under the provisions
      of this code, it shall be a violation of this code to knowingly
      make such use or take such other action without authorization
      required.

1403  Obstruction of Oglala Sioux Tribe Employees.  The willful
      obstruction of or interference with Oglala Sioux employees
      performing their lawful duties under this code shall be a
      violation of this code.

1404  Misstatement of Material Facts.  The knowing misstatement of any
      material fact by any person or entity when providing information
      required by this code, with respect to Description of Use and
      Applications for Permit or otherwise, shall be a violation of
      this code.

1405  Sanctions for Code Violations.  Violations of this Chapter may
      subject the person(s) or entity(s) responsible to forfeiture or
      suspension of rights to use of water administered under this
      code.  Sanctions may also include the requirement of payment for
      water improperly used or adversely affected by the improper use;
      payment of the costs for all associated remedial actions taken,
      including the replacement of lost water;  payment of associated
      administrative costs incurred by the Oglala Sioux Tribe as a
      result of the violation;  and payment of such other costs as are
      necessary to render the Oglala Sioux Tribe, and its inhabitants
      whole.

CHAPTER 15:  MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

1501  Severability.  If any provisions of this code or the application
      thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the code
      will be given effect without the invalid provision of
      application;  and to this end the provisions of this code are
      declared to be severable.

1502  Construction.  This code shall be liberally construed to
      effectuate its objectives, policies, guidelines, purposes, and
      provisions.

1503  Review of Authority.  The NRRA and the Water Quality Inspector
      shall, from time to time, review the authority granted to them
      under this code and propose amendments and additions thereto to
      the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council in order to improve
      administration under this code.

1504  Extension of Time Limits.  The time limits provided for in
      various places of this code may be extended, for good cause
      shown, by the agency before whom the proceeding is pending when
      the ends of justice so require.

1505  Representation.  Parties appearing at hearings and other
      proceedings provided for this code may represent themselves or
      may be represented by individuals licensed to practice before
      the courts of the Oglala Sioux Tribe.


Back to the Table of Contents