02-05-88

                      FLOOD CONTROL

Section 143-12.  FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION ORDINANCE.

     (a)  The flood hazard areas of the Cherokee Indian Reservation
          are subject to periodic inundation which may result in loss
          of life and property, health and safety hazards, disruption
          of commerce and governmental services, extraordinary public
          expenditures of flood protection and relief, all of which
          adversely affect the public health, safety and general
          welfare.

     (b)  These flood losses may be caused by the cumulative effect of
          obstructions in flood plains and by the occupancy of flood
          hazard areas.

Section 143-13.  PURPOSES.

     The purpose of this Ordinance is to promote the public health,
safety and general welfare and minimize the public and private losses
to flood conditions in specific areas by provisions designed to:

     (a)  restrict and prohibit uses which are dangerous to health,
          safety and property due to water or erosion hazards or which
          result in damaging increases in erosion, flood heights or
          velocities,

     (b)  required that land use vulnerable to floods, including
          facilities, be protected against flood damage at the time of
          initial construction,

     (c)  control the alteration of natural flood plains, stream
          channels and natural protective barriers which are involved
          in the accommodation of flood waters,

     (d)  control filling, grading, dredging and other development
          which may increase erosion or flood damage,

     (e)  prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers
          which will unnaturally divert flood waters or which may
          increase flood hazards to other lands.

Section 143-14.  OBJECTIVES.

     The objectives of this ordinance are:

     (a)  to protect human life and health,

     (b)  to minimize the expenditure or public money for costly flood
          control projects,

     (c)  To minimize the need for rescue and relief efforts
          associated with flooding and generally undertaken at the
          expense of the general public,

     (d)  to minimize prolonged business interruptions,

     (e)  To minimize damage to public facilities and utilities such
          as water and gas mains, electric, telephone and sewer lines
          streets and bridges located in flood plains,

     (f)  to help maintain a stable tax base by providing for the
          sound use and development of flood-prone areas in such a
          manner as to minimize flood blight areas.

Section 143-15.  DEFINITIONS:

     Unless specifically defined below, words or phrases used in this
Ordinance shall be interpreted as their common meaning and to give
this Ordinance its most reasonable application.

     (a)  "Appeal" shall mean a request from a review of the local
          administrator's interpretation of any provision of this
          Ordinance or a request for a variance.

     (b)  "Addition to an Existing Building" shall mean any walled and
          roofed expansion to the perimeter of the building in which
          the addition is connected by a common load-bearing wall
          other than a fire wall.  Any walled and roofed addition
          which is connected by a fire wall or is separated by
          independent perimeter load-bearing walls is new construction.

     (c)  "Area of Shadow Flooding" shall mean a designated AO or VO
          zone on the Tribal Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) with base
          flood depths from one to three feet where a clearly defined
          channel does not exist, where the path of flooding in
          unpredictable and intermediate and where velocity flow may
          be evident.

     (d)  "Area of Special Flood Hazard" shall mean the land in the
          flood plain within the Reservation subject to a one percent
          or greater chance of flooding in any given year.

     (e)  "Base Flood" shall mean the flood having a one percent
          chance of being equalled or exceeded in any given year.

     (f)  "Basement" shall mean that lowest level or story which has
          its floor subgrade on all sides.

     (g)  "Breakaway Wall" shall mean a wall that is not part of the
          structural support of the building and is intended through
          its design and construction to collapse under specific
          lateral loading forces without causing damage to the
          elevated portion of the building or the supporting
          foundation system.  A breakaway wall shall have a design
          safe loading resistance of not less than 10 and no more than
          20 pounds per square foot.  A wall with loading resistance
          of more than 20 pounds per square foot requires an architect
          or professional engineer's certificate.

     (h)  "Building" shall mean any structure built for support,
          shelter or enclosure for occupancy or storage.

     (i)  "Development" shall mean any man-made change to real estate,
          including but not limited to, buildings or other structures,
          mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or
          drilling operations.

     (j)  "Elevated Building" shall mean a non-basement structure
          built to have the lowest floor elevated above the ground
          level by means of fill, solid foundation perimeter walls,
          pilings, columns, shear walls or breakaway walls.

     (k)  "Existing Manufactured Home Park or Manufactured Home
          Subdivision" shall mean a parcel of land divided into two or
          more manufactured home lots for rent or sale for which the
          construction of facilities for servicing the lot on which
          the manufactured home is to be affixed is completed before
          the effective date of this Ordinance.

     (l)  "Flood" or "Flooding" shall mean an general and temporary
          inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of
          stream waters or the unusual and rapid accumulation or
          runoff of surface waters from any source.

     (m)  "Flood Hazard Boundary Map (FHBM)" shall mean the official
          map issued by the Federal Insurance Administration where the
          Areas of Special Flood Hazard have been designated as Zone A.

     (n)  "Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM)" shall mean the official
          map of the Tribe on which the Federal Emergency Management
          Agency has delineated both the areas of Special Flood Hazard
          and the Risk Premium Zones applicable to the Reservation.

     (o)  "Flood Insurance Study" shall mean the official report
          provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency.  The
          report contains flood profiles, as well as the Flood
          Boundary Floodway Map and the water surface elevation of the
          flood base.

     (p)  "Floodway" shall mean the channel of a river or other
          watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be
          reserved in order to discharge the base flood without
          cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more
          than one foot.

     (q)  "Floor" shall mean the top surface of an enclosed area in a
          building.  The term does not include the floor of a garage
          used solely for parking vehicles.

     (r)  "Functionally Dependent Facility" shall mean a facility
          which cannot be used for its intended purpose unless it is
          located or carried out in close proximity to water, such as
          a docking facility necessary for the loading and unloading
          of boats, or marine processing facilities.  The term does
          not include long-term storage, manufacture, sales or service
          facilities.

     (s)  "Highest Adjacent Grade" shall mean the highest natural
          elevation of the ground surface, prior to construction, next
          to the proposed walls of the structure.

     (t)  "Levee" shall mean a man-made structure, designed and
          constructed in accordance with sound engineering practices
          to contain or divert the flow of water and protect against
          temporary flooding.

     (u)  "Levee System" shall mean a flood protection system of
          levees, which are constructed and operated in accordance
          with sound engineering practices.

     (v)  "Lowest Floor" shall mean the lowest floor of the enclosed
          area.  An unfinished or flood resistant enclosure, usable
          solely for parking vehicles, building access or storage, in
          an area other than a basement, is not considered a
          building's lowest floor, provided such enclosure is not
          built to render the structure in violation of the
          non-elevation design requirements of this Ordinance.

     (w)  "Manufactured Home" shall mean a transportable structure,
          which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be
          used with or without a permanent foundation.  The term also
          includes park trailers, travel trailers and similar
          transportable structures placed on a site for 180
          consecutive days or longer and intended to be improved
          property.

     (x)  "Manufactured Home Park or Subdivision" shall mean a parcel
          of land divided into two or more manufactured home lots for
          rent or sale.

     (y)  "Mean Sea Level" shall mean the average height of the sea
          for all stages of the tide.  It is used as a reference for
          establishing various elevations within the flood plain.  For
          purposes of this Ordinance, the term is synonymous with
          National Geodetic Vertical Datum.

     (z)  "National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD)" as corrected in
          1929 shall mean a vertical control used as a reference for
          establishing varying elevations within the flood plain.

     (aa)  "New Construction" shall mean structures on which
           construction was commenced on or after the effective date
           of this Ordinance.

     (bb)  "Remedy a Violation" shall mean to bring the structure or
           development into compliance with flood plain management
           regulations, or if not possible, to reduce the impact of
           noncompliance.  Impact may be reduced by protecting the
           structure or other affected development from flood damage,
           implementing the enforcement provisions of the ordinance,
           deterring future similar violations, or reducing Federal
           financial exposure on the structure or development.

     (cc)  "Start of Construction" for other than new construction,
           shall include substantial improvement, and means the date
           the building permit was issued, provided construction,
           repair or improvement was actually begun within 180 days of
           the permit date.  This means the first placement of
           permanent construction of a structure, including a
           manufactured home, on a site beyond the stage of excavation
           or placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. 
           Permanent construction does not include land preparation,
           such as clearing, grading and filling; nor does it include
           the installation of streets or walkways; nor does it
           include excavation for a basement, footings, piers or
           foundations or the erection of temporary forms; nor does it
           include the installation on the property of accessory
           buildings, such as garages or sheds not occupied as
           dwelling units or not as part of the main structure.

     (dd)  "Structure" shall mean a walled and roofed building that is
           principally above ground, a manufactured home, a gas or
           liquid storage tank, or other man-made facilities.

     (ee)  "Substantial Improvement" shall mean any repair,
           construction or improvement of a structure, within any
           twelve month period, where the cost equals or exceeds fifty
           percent of the market value of the structure, either (1)
           before the improvement or repair is started, or (2) before
           the damage occurred if the structure has been damaged and
           is being restored.  For the purposes of this definition,
           "substantial improvement" is considered to occur when the
           first alteration on any wall, ceiling, floor or other
           structural part of the building is begun, whether or not
           that alteration affects the external dimensions of the
           structure.  The term does not, however, include either (1)
           any project for the improvement of a structure to comply
           with existing health, sanitary or safety code
           specifications which are solely necessary to assure safe
           living conditions, or (2) any alteration of a structure
           listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

     (ff)  "Variance" shall mean a grant of relief from the
           requirements of this ordinance which permits construction
           in a manner otherwise prohibited by this ordinance, where
           enforcement would result in unnecessary hardship.

     (gg)  "Violation" shall mean the failure of a structure or other
           development to be fully compliant with the community's
           flood plain management regulations.  A structure or
           development without the elevation certificate, other
           certifications, or other evidence of compliance in Sections
           143-24 through 143-33 is presumed to be in violation until
           such time as that documentation is provided.

Section 143-16.  APPLICATION.

     This ordinance shall apply to all areas of special flood hazard
within the jurisdiction of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians.

Section 143-17.  ESTABLISHING AREAS OF SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD.

     The areas of special flood hazard identified by the Federal
Insurance Administration in its Flood Hazard Boundary May (FHBM) or
Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), with accompanying maps and other
supporting data, and any revisions thereto are adopted by reference
and declared to be a part of this ordinance.

Section 143-18.  DEVELOPMENT PERMIT.

     A Development Permit shall be required prior to the commencement
of any development activities.

Section 143-19.  COMPLIANCE.

     No structure or land shall hereafter be located, extended,
converted or structurally altered without full compliance with the
terms of this ordinance and other applicable regulations.

Section 143-20.  ABROGATION AND GREATER RESTRICTIONS.

     This ordinance is not intended to repeal, abrogate or impair any
existing easements, convenants or land use restrictions.  However,
where this ordinance and another conflict, whichever imposes the more
stringent restrictions shall prevail.

Section 143-21.  INTERPRETATION.

     In the interpretation and application of this ordinance, all
provisions shall be (1) considered as minimum requirements, (2)
liberally construed in favor of the Tribe, and (3) deemed neither to
limit or repeal any other powers granted under law.

Section 143-22.  WARNING AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY.

     The degree of flood protection required by this Ordinance is
considered reasonable for regulatory purposes and is based on
scientific and engineering considerations.  Larger floods may occur. 
Flood heights may be increased by man-made or natural causes.  This
Ordinance is not meant to imply that land outside the areas of special
flood hazard or uses permitted within such areas will be free from
flooding or flood damages.  This Ordinance shall not create liability
on the part of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians or by any officer
or employee thereof for any flood damages that result from reliance on
this Ordinance or any administration decision lawfully made hereunder.

Section 143-23.  PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION.

     Violation of the provisions of this Ordinance or failure to comply
with any of its requirements, including violations of conditions and
safeguards established in connection with grants of variance or
special exemptions, shall constitute a misdemeanor.  Any person
subject to the criminal jurisdiction of the Cherokee Court who
violates this Ordinance or fails to comply with any of its
requirements shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not more than
fifty dollars ($50) or imprisoned for not more than 30 days, or both. 
Each day such violation continues shall be considered a separate
offence.  Any person not subject to the criminal jurisdiction of the
Cherokee Court shall be subject to a civil suit by the Tribe in the
Cherokee Court of injunctive or mandamus relief together with a fine
of fifty dollars ($50) per day for each day of violation after
receiving notice of the violation.  Nothing herein contained shall
prevent the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians from taking such other
lawful action as is necessary to prevent or remedy any violation.

Section 143-24.  LOCAL ADMINISTRATOR.

     The Tribal Business Manager is hereby appointed to administer and
implement the provisions of this Ordinance.

Section 143-25.  DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.

     Application for a Development Permit shall be made to the Tribal
Business Manager prior to any development activities, on forms
furnished by the Tribe.  The Development Permit includes, but shall
not be limited to, plans in duplicate drawn to scale showing:  the
nature, location, dimensions and elevations of the area in question
existing or proposed structures and the location of fill, material
storage areas and drainage.  The following information is specifically
required:

     (a)  Where base flood elevation data is provided in accordance
          with Section 143-26(j), the application for a development
          permit within the Zone A on the Flood Insurance Rate Map
          will show:

          (1)  the elevation (in relation to Mean Sea Level) of the
               lowest floor of all new and substantially improved
               structures and,

          (2)  if the structure has been flood-proofed in accordance
               with Section 143-30(b), the elevation (in relation to
               Mean Sea Level) to which the structure was
               flood-proofed.

     (b)  Where the base flood elevation data is not provided, the
          application for a development permit must show construction
          of the lowest floor at least 2 feet above the highest
          adjacent grade.

     (c)  Where any watercourse will be altered or relocated as a
          result of proposed development, the application for a
          development permit shall include:  a description of the
          extent of watercourse alteration or relocation; an
          engineering report of the effects of the proposed project on
          the flood carrying capacity of the watercourse and the
          effects to properties located both upstream and downstream;
          and a map showing the location of the proposed watercourse
          alteration or relocation.

     (d)  When a structure is flood-proofed, the applicant shall
          provide a certificate from a registered professional
          engineer or architect that the non-residential flood-proofed
          structure meets the flood-proofing criteria in Section
          143-30(b).

     (e)  A floor elevation or flood-proofing certification is
          required after the lowest floor is completed.  Within
          twenty-one (21) calendar days of establishment, of the
          lowest floor elevation, or flood-proofing by whatever
          construction means, whichever is applicable, it shall be the
          duty of the permit holder to submit to the Tribal Business
          Manager a certification of the elevation of the lowest
          floor, or flood-proofed elevation, whichever is applicable,
          as built, in relation to mean sea level.  Said certification
          shall be prepared by or under the direct supervision of a
          registered land surveyor or professional engineer and
          certified by same.  When flood-proofing is utilized for a
          particular building, said certification shall be prepared by
          or under the direct supervision of a professional engineer
          and certified by same.  Any work done within the twenty-one
          (21) day calendar period and prior to submission of the
          certification shall be at the permit holder's risk.  The
          Tribal Business Manager shall review the flood elevation
          survey data submitted.  Deficiencies detected by such review
          shall be corrected by the permit holder immediately and
          prior to any other work being performed.  Failure to submit
          the survey or failure to make required corrections shall be
          cause to issue a stop-work order for the project.

Section 143-26.  DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE TRIBAL BUSINESS
                 MANAGER.

     Duties of the Tribal Business Manager shall include, but not be
limited to:

     (a)  Review all development permits to determine that the permit
          equirements of this Ordinance have been satisfied.

     (b)  Advise permittee that additional federal or state permits
          may be required, and if specific federal or state permits
          are known, require that copies of such permits be provided
          and maintained on file with the development permit.

     (c)  Notify adjacent communities and the N. D. Department of
          Crime Control and Public Safety, Division of Emergency
          Management, State Coordinator for the National Flood
          Insurance Program prior to any alteration or relocation of a
          watercourse, and submit evidence of such notification to the
          Federal Emergency Management Agency.

     (d)  Assure that maintenance is provided within the altered or
          relocated portion of said watercourse so that the
          flood-carrying capacity is not diminished.

     (e)  Prevent encroachments within floodways unless the
          certification and flood hazard reduction provisions of
          Sections 143-29 through 143-33 are met.

     (f)  Verify and record the actual elevation (in relation to mean
          sea level) to which the new or substantially improved
          structures have been flood-proofed, in accordance with
          Section 143-25(e).

     (g)  Verify and record the actual elevation (in relation to mean
          sea level) to which the new or substantially improved
          structures have been flood-proofed, in accordance with
          Section 143-25(e).

     (h)  When flood-proofing is utilized for a particular structure,
          obtain certifications from a registered professional
          engineer or architect in accordance with Section 143-30(b).

     (i)  Make the necessary interpretations where interpretation is
          needed as to the exact location of boundaries of the areas
          of special flood hazard.  For example, where there appears
          to be a conflict between a mapped boundary and actual field
          conditions.  The person contesting the location of the
          boundary shall be given a reasonable opportunity to appeal
          the interpretation, as provided hereafter.

     (j)  When base flood elevation data or floodway data has not been
          provided in accordance with Section 143-17 obtain, review,
          and reasonable utilize any base flood elevation data and
          floodway data available from a federal, state or other
          source, including data developed pursuant to Section
          143-22(d), in order to administer the provisions of this
          ordinance.

     (k)  All records pertaining to the provisions of this Ordinance
          shall be maintained in the office of the Tribal Business
          Manager and shall be open for public inspection.

Section 143-27.  ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES.

     (a)  Inspection of Work in Progress.  As the work pursuant to a
          permit progresses, the Tribal Business Manager, or his
          authorized representative, shall make as many inspections of
          the work as may be necessary to ensure that the work is
          being done according to the provisions of the local
          ordinance and the terms of the permit.  In exercising this
          power, the Tribal Business Manager or his authorized
          representative, has a right, upon presentation of proper
          credentials, to enter on any premises within Cherokee trust
          lands at any reasonable hour for the purposes of inspection
          or other enforcement action.

     (b)  Stop Orders.  Whenever a building or part thereof is being
          constructed, altered or repaired in violation of this
          Ordinance, the Tribal Business Manager may order the work to
          be immediately stopped.  The stop order shall be in writing
          and directed to the person doing the work.  The stop order
          shall state the specific work to be stopped, the specific
          reasons for the stoppage, and the conditions under which the
          work may be resumed.  Violation of a stop order constitutes
          a misdemeanor.  Violations by persons not subject to the
          criminal jurisdiction of the Cherokee Court shall be subject
          to civil injunctive relief or petition to the Indian Agency
          Superintendent for cancellation of a trader's license.

     (c)  Revocation of Permits.  The Tribal Business Manager may
          revoke and require the return of the development permit by
          notifying the permit holder in writing, stating the reason
          for the revocation.  Permits shall be revoked for any
          substantial departure from the approved application, plans
          or specifications; for refusal or failure to comply with the
          requirements of tribal law; or for false statements or
          misrepresentations made in securing the permit.  Any permit
          mistakenly issued in violation of a tribal law may also be
          revoked.

     (d)  Periodic Inspections.  The Tribal Business Manager and his
          authorized representatives shall have a right, upon
          presentation of proper credentials, to enter on any premises
          within the territorial jurisdiction of the Tribe at any
          reasonable hour for the purposes of inspection or other
          enforcement action.

     (e)  Violations to be Corrected.  When the Tribal Business
          Manager finds violations of tribal laws, it shall be his
          duty to notify the owner or occupant of the building of the
          violation.  The owner or occupant shall each immediately
          remedy the violations of law.

     (f)  Actions in Event of Failure to Take Corrective Action.  If
          the owner or occupant of a building or property shall fail
          to take prompt corrective action, the Tribal Business
          Manager shall give him written notice, by certified or
          registered mail to his last known address or by personal
          service.

          (1)  that the building or property is in violation of the
               Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance,

          (2)  that a hearing will be held before the Business Manager
               at a designated place and time, not later than 10 days
               after the date of the notice, at which time the owner
               shall be entitled to be heard in person or by counsel
               and to present arguments and evidence pertaining to the
               matter, and

          (3)  that following the hearing, the Business Manager may
               issue such order to alter, vacate or demolish the
               building, or to remove or fill as appears appropriate.

     (g)  Order and Take Corrective Action.  If, upon a hearing held
          pursuant to the notice prescribed above, the Tribal Business
          Manager shall find that the building or development is in
          violation of the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance, he shall
          make an order in writing to the owner, requiring the owner
          to remedy the violation, within 60 days; provided, that
          where the Business Manager finds that there is imminent
          danger of life or other property, he may order that
          corrective action be taken in such lesser period as may be
          reasonable.

     (h)  Appeal.  Any owner who has received an order to take
          corrective action may appeal from the order to the Tribal
          Business Committee by giving notice of appeal in writing to
          the Business Manager and the Principal Chief within 10 days
          following the issuance of the final order.  In the absence
          of an appeal, the order of the Business Manager shall be
          final.  The Tribal Business Committee shall hear an appeal
          within a reasonable time and may affirm, modify and affirm,
          or revoke the order.

     (i)  Failure to Comply with Order.  If the owner or occupant of a
          building or property fails to comply with an order to take
          corrective action from which no appeal has been taken, or
          fails to comply with an order of the Tribe following an
          appeal, he shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be
          punished at the discretion of the court.  If the owner or
          occupant is not subject to the criminal jurisdiction of the
          Cherokee Court, the Court may grant injunctive relief and
          they may be subjected to cancellation of a trader's license.

Section 143-28.  VARIANCE PROCEDURES.

     (a)  The Tribal Business Committee shall hear and decide appeals
          and requests for variances from the requirements of this
          Ordinance.

     (b)  Any person aggrieved by the decision of the Tribal Business
          Committee may appeal such decision to the Cherokee Court.

     (c)  Variances may be issued for the reconstruction,
          rehabilitation or restoration of structures listed on the
          National Register of Historic Places or the State Inventory
          of Historic Places without regard to the procedures set
          forth in the remainder of this section.

     (d)  In passing such applications, the Business Committee shall
          consider all technical evaluations, all relevant factors,
          all standards specified in other sections of this ordinance,
          and

          (1)  the danger that materials may be swept onto other lands
               to the injury of others,

          (2)  the danger to life and property due to flooding or
               erosion damage,

          (3)  the susceptibility of the proposed facility and its
               contents to flood damage and the effect of such damage
               on the individual owner.

          (4)  the importance of the services provided by the proposed
               facility to the community,

          (5)  The necessity to the facility of a waterfront location,
               where applicable,

          (6)  the availability of alternative locations, not subject
               to flooding and erosion damage, for the proposed use,

          (7)  the compatibility of the proposed use with existing and
               anticipated development.

          (8)  the relationship of the proposed use to the
               comprehensive plan and flood plain management program
               for that area,

          (9)  the safety of access to the property in times of flood
               for ordinary and emergency vehicles,

          (10)  the expected heights, velocity, duration, rate of rise
                and sediment transport of the flood waters and the
                effects of wave action, if applicable, expected at the
                side, and

          (11)  the costs of providing governmental services during
                and after flood conditions including maintenance and
                repair of public utilities and facilities such as
                sewer, gas, electrical, and water systems, and streets
                and bridgers.

     (e)  Upon consideration of the factors listed above and the
          purposes of this Ordinance the Business Committee may attach
          such conditions to the granting of variances as it deems
          necessary to further the purposes of this Ordinance.

     (f)  Variances shall not be issued within any designated floodway
          if any increase in flood levels during the base flood
          discharge would result.

     (g)  Conditions for Variances:

          (1)  Variances shall only be issued upon a determination
               that the variance is the minimum necessary, considering
               the flood hazard, to afford relief.

          (2)  Variances shall only be issued upon (i) a showing of
               good and sufficient cause, (ii) a determination that
               failure to grant the variance would result in
               exceptional hardship, and (iii) a determination that
               the granting of a variance will not result in increased
               flood heights, additional threats to public safety,
               extraordinary public expense, create nuisance, cause
               fraud on or victimization of the public, or conflict
               with existing tribal laws.

          (3)  Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be
               given written notice specifying the difference between
               the base flood elevation to which the structure is to
               be built and a written statement that the cost of flood
               insurance will be commensurate with the increased risk
               resulting from the reduced lowest floor elevation. 
               Such notification shall be maintained with a record of
               all variance actions.

          (4)  The Business Manager shall maintain the records of all
               appeal actions and report any variances to the Federal
               Emergency Management Agency upon request.

Section 143-29.  GENERAL STANDARDS FOR FLOOD HAZARD REDUCTION.

     In all areas of special flood hazard the following provisions are
required:

     (a)  All new construction and substantial improvements shall be
          anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement
          of the structure.

     (b)  Manufactured homes shall be anchored to prevent flotation,
          collapse or lateral movement.  Methods of anchoring may
          include, but are not limited to, use of over-the-top or
          frame ties to ground anchors.  This standard shall be in
          addition to and consistent with applicable requirements for
          resisting wind forces,

     (c)  All new construction and substantial improvements shall be
          constructed with materials and utility equipment resistant
          to flood damage,

     (d)  All new construction or substantial improvements shall be
          constructed by methods and practices that minimize flood
          damages,

     (e)  Electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, air conditioning
          equipment and other service facilities shall be designed or
          located to prevent water from entering or accumulating
          within the components during flooding,

     (f)  All new and replacement water supply systems shall be
          designed to minimize or eliminate filtration of flood waters
          into the systems and discharges from the systems into flood
          waters,

     (g)  New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be
          designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood
          waters into the systems and discharges from the systems into
          flood waters.

     (h)  On-site waste disposal systems shall be located and
          constructed to avoid impairment to them or contamination
          from them during flooding, and

     (i)  Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or improvements to a
          structure which is in compliance with the provisions of this
          ordinance, shall meet the requirements of "new construction"
          as contained in this ordinance.

Section 143-30.  SPECIFIC STANDARDS FOR FLOOD HAZARD REDUCTION.

     In all areas of special flood hazard where base flood elevation
data has been provided, as set forth in Section 143-17 or Section
143-26(j) the following provisions are required:

     (a)  Residential Construction.  New construction or substantial
          improvement of any residential structure shall have the
          lowest floor, including basement, elevated no lower than two
          feet above the base flood elevation.  Should solid
          foundation perimeter walls be used to elevate a structure,
          openings sufficient to facilitate the unimpeded movement of
          flood waters shall be provided.

     (b)  Non-Residential Construction.  New construction or
          substantial improvements of any commercial, industrial or
          non-residential structures shall have the lowest floor,
          including basement no lower than two feet above the level of
          the base flood elevation.  Structures located in A-zones may
          be flood-proofed in lieu of elevation provided that all
          areas of the structure below the required elevation are
          water right with walls substantially impermeable to the
          passage of water, using structural components having the
          capability of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads
          and the effect of buoyancy.  A registered professional
          engineer or architect shall certify that the standards of
          this subsection are satisfied.  Such certification shall be
          provided to the official as set forth in Section 143-25(e).

     (c)  Elevated Building.  New construction or substantial
          improvements of elevated buildings that include fully
          enclosed areas formed by foundation and other exterior walls
          below the base flood elevation shall be designed to preclude
          finished living space and designed to allow for the entry
          and exit of flood waters to automatically equalize
          hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls.

          (1)  Designs for complying with this requirement must either
               be certified by a professional engineer or architect or
               meet the following minimum criteria:

               a.  Provide a minimum of two openings having a total
                   net area of not less than one square inch for every
                   foot of enclosed area subject to flooding,

               b.  The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than
                   one foot above grade, and

               c.  Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers,
                   valves or other coverings or devices provided they
                   permit the automatic flow of floodwaters in both
                   directions.

          (2)  Electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, air
               conditioning equipment and other service facilities
               shall be designed or located so as to prevent water
               from entering or accumulating within the components
               during conditions of flooding.

          (3)  Access to the enclosed area shall be the minimum
               necessary to allow for parking of vehicles or limited
               storage of maintenance equipment used in connection
               with the premises or entry to the living area.

          (4)  The interior portion of such enclosed area shall not be
               partitioned or finished into separate rooms, except to
               enclose storage areas.

     (d)  Floodways.  Located within areas of special flood hazard
          established in Section 143-17, are areas designated as
          floodway.  The floodway is an extremely hazardous area due
          to the velocity of flood waters which carry debris and
          potential projectiles and has erosion potential.  The
          following provisions shall apply within such areas.

          (1)  No encroachments, including fill, new construction,
               substantial improvements and other developments shall
               be permitted unless certified with supporting technical
               data, by a registered professional engineer
               demonstrating that such encroachments shall not result
               in any increase in flood levels during occurrence of
               the base flood discharge.

          (2)  If Section 143-30(d)(1) is satisfied, all new
               construction and substantial improvements shall comply
               with all applicable flood hazard reduction provisions
               of Sections 143-29 through 143-33.

          (3)  No manufactured home shall be permitted, except in an
               existing manufactured homes park or subdivision.  A
               replacement manufactured home may be placed on a lot in
               an existing manufactured home park or subdivision
               provided the anchoring standards of Section 143-30(b)
               and the elevation standards of Section 143-30(a) are
               met.

Section 143-31.  STANDARDS FOR STREAMS WITHOUT ESTABLISHED BASE FLOOD
                 ELEVATIONS OR FLOODWAYS.

     Located within the areas of special flood hazard established in
Section 143-17, are small streams where no base flood data has been
provided or where no floodways have been identified.  The following
provisions apply within such areas:

     (a)  No encroachments, including fill, new construction,
          substantial improvements or new development shall be
          permitted within a distance of the stream bank equal to two
          times the width of the stream at the top of bank or twenty
          feet each side from top of bank, whichever is greater,
          unless certification with supporting technical data by a
          registered professional engineer is provided, demonstrating
          that such encroachments shall not result in any increase in
          flood levels during the occurrence of the base flood
          discharge.

     (b)  If Section 143-31(a) is satisfied and base flood elevation
          data is available from other sources, all new construction
          and substantial improvements within such areas shall comply
          with all applicable flood hazard ordinance provisions of
          Sections 143-29 through 143-33 and shall be elevated or
          flood-proofed in accordance with elevations established in
          accordance with Sections 143- 26(j).  When base flood
          elevation data is not available, the lowest floor shall be
          elevated at least two feet above the highest adjacent grade.

Section 143-32.  STANDARDS FOR SUBDIVISION PROPOSALS.

     (a)  All subdivision proposals shall be consistent with the need
          to minimize flood damage.

     (b)  All subdivision proposals shall have public utilities and
          facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems
          located and constructed to minimize flood damage.

     (c)  All subdivision proposals shall have adequate drainage
          provided to reduce exposure to flood hazards.

     (d)  Base flood elevation data shall be provided for subdivision
          proposals and other proposed development which is greater
          than the lesser of fifty lots or five acres.

Section 143-33.  STANDARDS FOR AREAS OF SHALLOW FLOODING (AO ZONES).

     Located within the areas of special flood hazard established in
Section 143-17, are areas designated as shallow flooding.  These areas
have special flood hazards associated with base flood depths of one to
three feet where a clearly defined channel does not exist and where
the path of flooding is unpredictable and intermediate.  The following
provisions shall apply within such areas:

     (a)  All new construction and substantial improvements of
          residential structures shall have the lowest floor, elevated
          to the depth number specified on the Flood Insurance Rate
          Map, in feet, above the highest adjacent grade.  If no depth
          number is specified, the lowest floor shall be elevated at
          least two feet above the highest adjacent grade.

     (b)  All new construction and substantial improvements of
          non-residential structures shall:

          (1)  have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated to
               the depth number specified on the Flood Insurance Rate
               Map, above the highest adjacent grade.  If no depth
               number is specified, the lowest floor, including
               basement, shall be elevated at least two feet above the
               highest adjacent grade, or

          (2)  be completely flood-proofed together with attending
               utility and sanitary facilities to or above the level
               so that any space below the level is watertight with
               walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water
               and with structural components having the capability of
               resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and
               effects of buoyancy.

SOURCE:  Ord. 90, eff. Feb. 5, 1988.


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